Phase Contrast
Phase contrast microscopy is an optical technique that exploits changes in refractive index to produce high-contrast images of transparent specimens. The technique is applicable to many transparent subjects, such as living cells in culture, micro-organisms, thin tissue slices, lithographic patterns, fibres, latex dispersions, glass fragments, and subcellular particles (including nuclei and other organelles) where the technique reveals structure that is not visible in brightfield imaging. An advantage of phase contrast microscopy is that living cells can be imaged in detail without the need for staining or use of fluorophores.
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